The chkdsk program is still in Windows, has been around since Dos, dunno if it'll work but I'd probably try it first.
In Windows, run command prompt as an administrator (right click to open and select the admin option).
If you enter 'help chkdsk' a summary of all chkdsk's runtime options/switches are displayed.
Seems entering 'chkdsk g: /f' where g: is the drive (change g to whatever drive your memory card is) and /f is the 'switch' that instructs it to fix errors might work... although I might be confusing volumes and drives.
Or an easier way - File explorer, right click on a drive, properties, tools. But you don't get all the same options that the switches in command line chkdsk provide.
Been a while since I was really into IT and it seems I'm pretty much out of it lol.